Introduction

Memory disorders are defined as suppressed cognition abilities leading to the deteriorated ability of reasoning and decision making. This will further create hindrance in communication skills, leaving the sufferer to forget the words an individual wanted to speak out. Many notable disorders immensely affect the brain’s progression and its formability.

Memory loss is a normal physiologic process that starts at the age of 45. The brains’ sharpness and power of reasoning are lost with time. It is worth knowing because researchers say that faster deterioration can lead to the development of dementia in the latter part of life.

Managing it with great tactics can help prevent the suffering of an individual. People with cardiovascular diseases and obesity have higher risks of developing dementia as there is a notable decrease in the cerebral blood flow monitored. A healthy and balanced lifestyle is known to improve the condition and prevent such disorders from happening.

The hippocampus plays a discrete role and collection and recalling of the memories. Neurological deficits are playing a role in giving rise to false memory. Certain neurological techniques are utilized to study memory disorders more in-depth.

Causes of Memory Disorders

There are certain reasons which are linked to produce mild and severe memory disorders. Each particular reason may separately account for a certain deteriorative disorder or many of the causes get together to produce a certain condition within an individual. Key causes are listed below:

Ø  Age

Ø  Genetic inheritance – Inheriting genes for Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease

Ø  Trauma

Ø  Constriction of cerebral vessels and arteries

Ø  Use of excessive alcohols or narcotics or opioids

Ø  Untreated metabolic disorders like diabetes

Ø  Vitamin deficiencies like B12

Ø  Cardiovascular diseases

Ø  Brain tumors

Ø  Unhealthy diet

Ø  Use of excessive medicines like prompt use of NSAIDs.

Types of Memory Disorders

Memory disorders are hard to evaluate in clinical terms. Its evaluation and identification will turn out to be beneficial for both the patient and the doctor. Normal physiological memory functioning has to be correlated strictly with the disorder.

There is major anatomical structural involvement each type of memory disorder we will be discussing below. These disorders usually take place when there is the deviation in the purposeful functioning of the brain’s parts, lacking them behind in storage and retaining the memories.

The disorder may acquire dysfunction of the overall memory functioning process or hinder it just a singular place. The overall cycle needs a strict evaluation to find out the type of disorder prevailing. These disorders may be mild or severe and can even hit one in the progressive stage. Below is the major listing of memory disorders:

Dementia:

It is one of the most notable and prevailing memory disorders. The cognitive functions show a decremental curve and are particularly related to forgetfulness. These persons show incompetency in life tasks having difficulty in completing simple tasks. They too have communication constraints and disorientation.

The person too might lose concerns and notable personality changes are seen. Trauma, stroke, drug reactions, and infections can lead to dementia affecting people of all ages.

Vascular Dementia:

This dementia arises from vascular constriction leading to decreased blood flow to the cerebellar and cerebral areas. Strokes and head injuries can cause this type of dementia. Trouble planning and understanding things are seen.

Dementia with Lewy bodies:

This type of dementia is particularly related to the development and deposition of abnormal protein types called Lewy bodies. These abnormal depositions lesson the memory space given rise to deteriorative brain functions.

Frontotemporal dementia:

This is the most common type of dementia affecting the frontal and temporal cortex of the brain. Usually, this type of dementia affects the nerve cells within the brain causing them to shrink. Though it occurs in ages between 45 and 60 but may occur in younger individuals too.

This is associated with impaired speech abilities known as aphasia. This may lead the person to lose temper easily and spring out inappropriate, untimely things.

Alzheimer’s disease:

Brain changes are noticeable features of this type of memory disorder. It is characterized by two important features. One is the formation of amyloid plaques and the other is the formation of neurofibrillary tangles.

These both account for brain signals deficits due to a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain. This gives rise to impairments and hinders the functioning of daily tasks.

Mild Cognitive Impairment:

This is termed as mild because it ranks somewhere between normal and severe forms. Mild cognitive impairment can lead to difficulty in memory association and coordination with its counterparts.

These people are more prone to transform disease type into Alzheimer’s. Genetic predisposition plays a vital role in such cognitive impairments to arise.

Encephalopathy:

Brain inflammation can lead to major neurological changes altering the brain functions. Immense brain signals deficiency can give rise to seizures and fits. This is coupled with the state of delirium. Viruses are the major cause of encephalitis.

Symptoms indicating a need to see a Doctor

Memory problems are associated with the symptomatic depiction of losses going on. The changes tend to show up with time alarming you to see a general physician first and then to approach a neurologist. The symptomatic display of the situation can be presented with:

Ø  Confusion – Delirium

Ø  Communication strains

Ø  Vertigo

Ø  Decreased comprehensive abilities

Ø  Inability to understand small things

Ø  Paranoia

Ø  Repetitive Questioning

Ø  Trouble remembering vital things like a name or phone number

Ø  Lost into thoughts

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