What is Diabetes?
Diabetes may be a disease that happens when your blood sugar, also called blood glucose, is just too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy. Sometimes your body doesn’t make enough—or any—insulin or doesn’t use insulin well. Glucose then stays in your blood and doesn’t reach your cells.
Over time, having an excessive amount of glucose in your blood can cause health problems. Although diabetes has no cure, you'll take steps to manage your diabetes and stay healthy.
Sometimes people call diabetes “a touch of sugar” or “borderline diabetes.” These terms suggest that somebody doesn’t really have diabetes or features a less serious case, but every case of diabetes is serious.
What are the different types of diabetes?
The most common types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes
If you've got type 1 diabetes, your body doesn't make insulin. Your system attacks and destroys the cells in your pancreas that make insulin. Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed in children and young adults, although it can appear at any age. People with type 1 diabetes got to take insulin a day to remain alive.
Type 2 diabetes
If you've got type 2 diabetes, your body doesn't make or use insulin well. You can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. However, this sort of diabetes occurs most frequently in middle-aged and older people. Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes develops in some women when they are pregnant. Most of the time, this sort of diabetes goes away after the baby is born. However, if you’ve had gestational diabetes, you've got a greater chance of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Sometimes diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy is really type 2 diabetes.
Other types of diabetes
Less common types include monogenic diabetes, which is an inherited sort of diabetes, and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes External link.
How common is diabetes?
As of 2015, 30.3 million people within the us , or 9.4 percent of the population, had diabetes. More than 1 in 4 of them didn’t know that they had the disease. Diabetes affects 1 in 4 people over the age of 65. About 90-95 percent of cases in adults are type 2 diabetes.
Who is more likely to develop type 2 diabetes?
You are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you're age 45 or older, have a case history of diabetes, or are overweight. Physical inactivity, race, and certain health problems like high vital sign also affect your chance of developing type 2 diabetes. You are also more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you've got prediabetes or had gestational diabetes once you were pregnant. Learn more about risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
What health problems can people with diabetes develop?
Over time, high blood sugar results in problems like
Ø heart disease
Ø stroke
Ø kidney disease
Ø eye problems
Ø dental disease
Ø nerve damage
Ø foot problems
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