Introduction to Disasters
"A disaster may be a natural or man-made event that negatively affects life, property, livelihood or industry often leading to permanent changes to human societies, ecosystems and environment."
because the definition suggests, disasters are highly disruptive events that cause suffering, deprivation, hardship, injury and even death, as a results of direct injury, disease, the interruption of commerce and business, and therefore the partial or total destruction of critical infrastructure like homes, hospitals, and other buildings, roads, bridges, power lines, etc. Disasters are often caused by present events, like earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, or tornadoes, or they will flow from to man-made events, either accidental (such as an accidental toxic spill or atomic power plant event), or deliberately caused (such as various terrorist bombings and poisonings).
Certain sorts of natural disasters are more likely to occur especially parts of the planet . as an example , areas near coastline, lakes or rivers are more likely to experience flooding problems than are land-locked areas. However, most every place you'll live is susceptible to one sort of natural disaster or another. No place is completely safe from natural disaster. And, in fact it goes without saying, that no place is safe from the threat of terrorism and other man-made disaster events.
It may be impossible to avoid disasters, but it is not impossible to plan before time so on minimize the impact that any given disaster may need on you or your family's health, safety and property. There are steps you'll take before time, including, purchasing the right sorts of insurance, preparing a disaster kit and supplies, making a disaster plan and rehearsing it together with your family, and staying informed in order that you'll do your best to urge out of the way of predictable dangerous occurrences, which will assist you , your family, and your property stay as safe as possible.
Effects of Disasters: Risk and Resilience Factors
Every year, many people are suffering from both human-caused and natural disasters. Disasters could also be explosions, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornados, or fires. during a disaster, you face the danger of death or physical injury. you'll also lose your home, possessions, and community. Such stressors place you in danger for emotional and physical health problems.
Stress reactions after a disaster look considerably just like the common reactions seen after any sort of trauma. Disasters can cause a full range of mental and physical reactions. you'll also react to problems that occur after the event, also on triggers or reminders of the trauma.
Risk Factors
A number of things make it more likely that somebody will have more severe or longer- lasting stress reactions after disasters:
Severity of exposure
The amount of exposure to the disaster is very associated with risk of future mental problems. At highest risk are people who undergo the disaster themselves. Next are those in close contact with victims. At lower risk of lasting impact are those that only had indirect exposure, like news of the severe damage. Injury and life threat are the factors that lead most frequently to psychological state problems. Studies have checked out severe natural disasters, like the Armenian earthquake, mudslides in Mexico, and Hurricane Andrew within the US. The findings show that a minimum of half these survivors suffer from distress or psychological state problems that require clinical care.
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