Introduction

Borderline mental disorder is an illness marked by an ongoing pattern of varying moods, self-image, and behavior. These symptoms often end in impulsive actions and problems in relationships. People with borderline mental disorder may experience intense episodes of anger, depression, and anxiety which will last from a couple of hours to days.

Signs and Symptoms

People with borderline mental disorder may experience mood swings and display uncertainty about how they see themselves and their role within the world. As a result, their interests and values can change quickly.
People with borderline mental disorder also tend to look at things in extremes, like all good or all bad. Their opinions of other people can also change quickly. An individual who is seen as a lover at some point could also be considered an enemy or traitor subsequent . These shifting feelings can cause intense and unstable relationships.

Other signs or symptoms may include:

Ø    Efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, such as rapidly initiating intimate (physical or emotional) relationships or cutting off communication with someone in anticipation of being abandoned

Ø    A pattern of intense and unstable relationships with family, friends, and loved ones, often swinging from extreme closeness and love (idealization) to extreme dislike or anger (devaluation)

Ø    Distorted and unstable self-image or sense of self

Ø    Impulsive and often dangerous behaviors, such as spending sprees, unsafe sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, and binge eating. Please note: If these behaviors occur primarily during a period of elevated mood or energy, they may be signs of a mood disorder—not borderline personality disorder

Ø    Self-harming behavior, such as cutting

Ø    Recurring thoughts of suicidal behaviors or threats

Ø    Intense and highly changeable moods, with each episode lasting from a few hours to a few days

Ø    Chronic feelings of emptiness

Ø    Inappropriate, intense anger or problems controlling anger

Ø    Difficulty trusting, which is sometimes accompanied by irrational fear of other people’s intentions

Ø    Feelings of dissociation, such as feeling cut off from oneself, seeing oneself from outside one’s body, or feelings of unreality.

Not everyone with borderline mental disorder experiences every symptom. Some individuals experience only a few symptoms, while others have many. Symptoms can be triggered by seemingly ordinary events. For example, people with borderline personality disorder may become angry and distressed over minor separations from people to whom they feel close, such as traveling on business trips. The severity and frequency of symptoms and how long they last will vary depending on the individual and their illness.

Risk Factors

The explanation for borderline mental disorder isn't yet clear, but research suggests that genetics, brain structure and performance, and environmental, cultural, and social factors play a task , or may increase the risk for developing borderline personality disorder.

Ø    Family History. People who have a close family member, such as a parent or sibling with the disorder may be at higher risk of developing borderline personality disorder.

Ø    Brain Factors. Studies show that folks with borderline mental disorder can have structural and functional changes within the brain especially within the areas that control impulses and emotional regulation. But is it not clear whether these changes are risk factors for the disorder, or caused by the disorder.

Ø    Environmental, Cultural, and Social Factors. Many people with borderline mental disorder report experiencing traumatic life events, like abuse, abandonment, or adversity during childhood. Others may are exposed to unstable, invalidating relationships, and hostile conflicts.

Although these factors may increase a person’s risk, it doesn't mean that the person will develop borderline mental disorder. Likewise, there could also be people without these risk factors who will develop borderline mental disorder in their lifetime.

Treatments and Therapies

Borderline mental disorder has historically been viewed as difficult to treat. But, with newer, evidence-based treatment, many people with the disorder experience fewer or less severe symptoms, and an improved quality of life. It is important that folks with borderline mental disorder receive evidence-based, specialized treatment from an appropriately trained provider. Other sorts of treatment, or treatment provided by a doctor or therapist who isn't appropriately trained, might not benefit the person.

Many factors affect the length of your time it takes for symptoms to enhance once treatment begins, so it's important for people with borderline mental disorder and their loved ones to twiddling my thumbs and to receive appropriate support during treatment.

Tests and Diagnosis

A licensed mental health professional—such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker—experienced in diagnosing and treating mental disorders can diagnose borderline personality disorder by:

Ø    Completing a thorough interview, including a discussion about symptoms

Ø    Performing a careful and thorough medical exam, which can help rule out other possible causes of  symptoms

Ø    Asking about family medical histories, including any history of mental illness. Borderline mental disorder often occurs with other mental illnesses. Co-occurring disorders can make it harder to diagnose and treat.

Borderline mental disorder, especially if symptoms of other illnesses overlap with the symptoms of borderline mental disorder. For example, a person with borderline personality disorder may be more likely to also experience symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, or eating disorders.

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